The state charged Mr. Rubio and others with racketeering, conspiracy and white collar crime in connection with their dentistry businesses and Medicaid patients. The defendants were also charged with making false Medicaid claims and splitting fees in violation of state law. The trial court ruled that those two state laws were unconstitutional, and the Fifth District Court of Appeal agreed as to one of the laws, holding that the Medicaid provider fraud statute is unconstitutional. One key issue is whether the state Medicaid provider fraud law is in conflict with its companion federal law because it has a lesser standard for intent.