{"id":4406,"date":"2019-09-26T19:59:51","date_gmt":"2019-09-26T23:59:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes-2\/?post=in-the-shadow-of-the-capitol"},"modified":"2021-10-29T15:44:34","modified_gmt":"2021-10-29T19:44:34","slug":"tallahassees-smokey-hollow-in-the-shadow-of-the-capitol","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/2019-09-26\/tallahassees-smokey-hollow-in-the-shadow-of-the-capitol\/","title":{"rendered":"The Cycle of Urban Renewal Continues: Lessons Not Learned From The Demise of Tallahassee\u2019s Smokey Hollow"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"pbs\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/player.pbs.org\/viralplayer\/3033620209\/\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" seamless=\"\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>As an old neighborhood in Tallahassee is\nbeing demolished to extend a new road called FAMU Way, some call the changes\nprogress. It\u2019s the latest effort to make improvements to a poor area of the\ncity near the historically black Florida A&amp;M University. Others use the\nword gentrification, and it\u2019s a move we\u2019ve seen before.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe don&#8217;t take enough emphasis and put\nit on history, you know, to take lessons so we can learn from what happened,\u201d\nsays Miaisha Mitchell, who grew up in Smokey Hollow, a neighborhood destroyed\nin the 1960s. \u201cIn the case of Smokey Hollow, just the idea that a whole set of\npeople were moved &#8212; displacement really has a hardship on people. We don&#8217;t\nunderstand the factors that are involved, particularly when it comes to\nemotional trauma, when it comes to the loss of spirit and loss of family and\nloss of support systems.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Not far from FAMU Way, Cascades Park now\nsits where hundreds of African American families once lived. The 24-acre park\nin the shadow of Florida\u2019s Capitol draws visitors for its ponds, imagination\nfountain, and pet-friendly walking trails. Long before Cascades Park was\nenvisioned, a neighborhood known as Smokey Hollow was there. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><em>Urban Renewal Becomes Catch Phrase of the Day<\/em><\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The area around Tallahassee was dotted\nwith plantations that operated through slavery. Many pieces of these former\nplantations evolved into black neighborhoods as freed men and their descendants\nchose to stay. Born in the 1890s, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tallahassee.com\/story\/news\/local\/2015\/09\/24\/smokey-hollow-commemoration-celebrates-lost-neighborhood\/72735610\/\">Smokey Hollow was one of those\nneighborhoods<\/a>. It stood\na few blocks east of Florida\u2019s historic Capitol in a low dip in the landscape &#8211;\na hollow. It was known for the persistent haze of smoke emanating from chimneys\nfor heating and cooking.&nbsp; <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt was a community that had churches, businesses,\u201d says Cicero Hartsfield, a Smokey Hollow resident. \u201cSegregation was prominent. Blacks couldn&#8217;t live where they so desired, so it was one of the places where blacks lived.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-style-large\"><p>&#8220;It&#8217;s Important for people to recognize the impact of what happens to a lot of black communities.&#8221;<\/p><cite>Cicero Hartsfield, Former Resident of Smokey Hollow<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>By the late 1950\u2019s and early 60\u2019s, the\nstructures in Smokey Hollow were aged and many looked ramshackle. A two lane\nhighway was widened into a broad boulevard, Apalachee Parkway, with a majestic\nview leading right up to the Capitol building &#8212; and cutting right through\nSmokey Hollow. To white citizens working or living on the hill, the\nneighborhood looked like a slum. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"468\" src=\"https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Smokey-hollowTD00498b.jpg\" alt=\"A house with trees in the background\" class=\"wp-image-4428\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Smokey-hollowTD00498b.jpg 600w, https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Smokey-hollowTD00498b-300x234.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Smokey-hollowTD00498b-538x420.jpg 538w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption> Photographed June 13, 1958- Lafayette St. running along the African American community of Smokey Hollow. (State Archives of Florida, Florida Memory.)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Urban renewal was the catch phrase of\nthe day, according to local newspaper accounts. A possible expansion of the Capitol\ncomplex percolated with a grand vision of a campus-like array around the Capitol\nbuilding. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.floridamemory.com\/items\/show\/267028\">A referendum was held<\/a>, and the state exercised eminent\ndomain. Smokey Hollow residents were told to leave.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u201c<\/strong>It&#8217;s important for people to recognize the impact of what happens to a lot of black communities. They don&#8217;t see it because it&#8217;s not happening in their community,\u201d Hartsfield says. \u201cAs a result, you don&#8217;t realize how many people may have lived in one of these small houses.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/066_66CiceroFamily-983x1024.jpg\" alt=\"A vintage photo of a group of people posing for the camera\" class=\"wp-image-4424\" width=\"737\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/066_66CiceroFamily-983x1024.jpg 983w, https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/066_66CiceroFamily-288x300.jpg 288w, https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/066_66CiceroFamily-768x800.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/066_66CiceroFamily-696x725.jpg 696w, https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/066_66CiceroFamily-1068x1113.jpg 1068w, https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/066_66CiceroFamily-403x420.jpg 403w, https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/066_66CiceroFamily.jpg 1740w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 737px) 100vw, 737px\" \/><figcaption>Cicero Hartsfield as a child (third boy from the left) with his family.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><em>A Black Neighborhood is Bulldozed in the Name of Progress<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Smokey Hollow went under the bulldozer,\nostensibly to make room for a much needed growing Capitol infrastructure. But just\none government office is all that was immediately built in the area. The\nDepartment of Transportation building broke ground in November of 1964. Time\nwent on, and not a lot happened with the remaining land. The view approaching\nFlorida\u2019s Capitol was magnificent, but the community of Smokey Hollow was gone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWhen part of my family left here, we scattered. Some went to the Bond community, some went to south side areas, some went to the north side in the Frenchtown community and Springfield area,\u201d Mitchell says. \u201cSo naturally, that separation caused us to not be together as often. I still see a lot of that happening now, you know, with families who have been displaced. Many families are homeless. You know, that&#8217;s what I think led to a lot of the homelessness &#8212; the movement of the people from this area.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"388\" src=\"https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/SmokeyHollow1969-TD02864g.jpg\" alt=\"A house with trees in the background\" class=\"wp-image-4426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/SmokeyHollow1969-TD02864g.jpg 600w, https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/SmokeyHollow1969-TD02864g-300x194.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption>Photographed Feb. 21, 1969- L<em>ooking west at homes on E. Madison St. in what remained  African American community of Smokey Hollow in Tallahassee.<\/em> (State Archives of Florida, Florida Memory)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-style-large\"><p>&#8220;That separation caused us to not be together as often. i still see a lot of that happening now, you know, with families who have been displaced.&#8221;<\/p><cite>Miaisha Mitchell, Former Resident of Smokey Hollow<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Miaisha-1960.png\" alt=\"A boy posing for a photo\" class=\"wp-image-4425\" width=\"266\" height=\"423\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Miaisha-1960.png 354w, https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Miaisha-1960-188x300.png 188w, https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Miaisha-1960-264x420.png 264w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 266px) 100vw, 266px\" \/><figcaption>Miaisha Mitchell as a child.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Public housing projects started\nspringing up around town as an answer to urban renewal. Smokey Hollow residents\ndispersed and moved to areas they could afford &#8211; and were allowed. Many moved\nsouth of the railroad tracks to an area known as South City. Others went to\nFrenchtown, but gentrification began there in the 1990\u2019s. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cI think that the term gentrification doesn&#8217;t exist for no reason. We&#8217;ve watched it in DC, we watched it in Harlem, we&#8217;ve watched it all over the nation, and we&#8217;re watching it in Tallahassee, Florida,\u201d says Christic Henry, Tallahassee-Leon County Council of Neighborhood Associations. \u201cWe&#8217;re watching communities that have been legacy communities, African American communities, and there&#8217;s a knowledge that where African-Americans dwell are some of the most valuable places in a community because we tend to be in the central of the city where accessibility is maximized because it&#8217;s a need.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><em>Public Housing Gets a Boost as Gentrification Takes Hold<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As FAMU Way is extended, a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tallahassee.com\/story\/news\/money\/2018\/06\/29\/orange-avenue-apartments-redevelopment-ahead-schedule\/734976002\/\">South City housing project<\/a> is being renovated and expanded to double\nthe living space. The area sits about two miles south of the old Smokey Hollow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cEarly on, we were talking about urban\nrenewal and eminent domain and, you know, the government could come in and take\nthe property if they wanted to,\u201d Mitchell says. \u201cNow we&#8217;re talking about\ngentrification and red lining and all these things, but they&#8217;re all related to\ncertain systems &#8211; housing, rough income, things of that sort.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u201c<\/strong>Many of them have been in generational cycles of survivalism that just have not been broken,\u201d Henry says. \u201cThose are things that as a community we have to speak to and we have to own. We can&#8217;t just sweep it under a rug and say, no, that&#8217;s not the case. No, it <em>is <\/em>the case. The most vulnerable citizens are negatively impacted by eminent domain for the most part. So we have to be at the table when these decisions are made.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-style-large\"><p>&#8220;We don&#8217;t take enough emphasis and put it on history, you know, to take lessons so we can learn from what happened.&#8221;<\/p><cite> Miaisha Mitchell, Former Resident of Smokey Hollow <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Fifty years after the demise of Smokey\nHollow, the City of Tallahassee completed construction of Cascades Park. It\nincludes the Smokey Hollow Commemoration, featuring <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tallahasseearts.org\/public-art\/the-smokey-hollow-commemoration\/\">three open air Spirit Houses<\/a> as symbols of the old shotgun houses\nthat filled the neighborhood. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWhen I think about lessons that I&#8217;ve\nlearned, I know that it&#8217;s important for us to keep up on what&#8217;s going on in our\nlegislature, to keep up with what&#8217;s going on in our local community government,\nto be a voice,\u201d Mitchell says. \u201cThe people in Smokey Hollow didn&#8217;t have much of\na voice, you know, the ones who were on my side of the track. We didn&#8217;t have\nenough to say about the legislature or new things that were coming to take down\na shanty family&#8217;s home.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/video.wfsu.org\/video\/barbershop-memories-6v67og\/\">neighborhood barbershop<\/a>, which served as a community gathering spot, has also been preserved and put on display. A written <a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books\/about\/Times_Remembered.html?id=75j9oQEACAAJ\">collection of oral histories<\/a> about the Smokey Hollow community was recently published, and more photos have been collected and released on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.floridamemory.com\/solr-search\/results\/?q=%28smokey%20hollow%20OR%25https:\/\/books.google.com\/books\/about\/Times_Remembered.html?id=75j9oQEACAAJ20tt%3Asmokey%20hollow%5E10%29&amp;query=smokey%20hollow\">state archives digital memory project<\/a>.&nbsp;Efforts continue to preserve the memories of Smokey Hollow \u2013 as the cycle of urban renewal continues.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A look at urban renewal through the historical lens of Smokey Hollow, a small African American neighborhood in Tallahassee, Florida.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":4434,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"video","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":"","wds_primary_category":0},"categories":[136],"tags":[221,276,225,277,226],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The Cycle of Urban Renewal Continues: Lessons Not Learned From The Demise of Tallahassee\u2019s Smokey Hollow - WFSU Local Routes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A look at urban renewal through the historical lens of Smokey Hollow, a small African American neighborhood in Tallahassee, Florida.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/2019-09-26\/tallahassees-smokey-hollow-in-the-shadow-of-the-capitol\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Cycle of Urban Renewal Continues: Lessons Not Learned From The Demise of Tallahassee\u2019s Smokey Hollow - WFSU Local Routes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A look at urban renewal through the historical lens of Smokey Hollow, a small African American neighborhood in Tallahassee, Florida.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/2019-09-26\/tallahassees-smokey-hollow-in-the-shadow-of-the-capitol\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"WFSU Local Routes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-09-26T23:59:51+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-10-29T19:44:34+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Smokey-hollowTD00498b-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"468\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Gina Jordan\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Gina Jordan\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/2019-09-26\/tallahassees-smokey-hollow-in-the-shadow-of-the-capitol\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/wfsu.org\/local-routes\/2019-09-26\/tallahassees-smokey-hollow-in-the-shadow-of-the-capitol\/\",\"name\":\"The Cycle of Urban Renewal Continues: Lessons Not Learned From The Demise of Tallahassee\u2019s Smokey Hollow - 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Gina is a Tallahassee native and graduate of Florida State University. She spent 15 years working in news\/talk and country radio in Orlando before becoming a reporter and All Things Considered host for WFSU in 2008. She left after a few years to spend more time with her son, working part-time as the capital reporter\/producer for WLRN Public Media in Miami and as a drama teacher at Young Actors Theatre. She also blogged and reported for State Impact Florida, an NPR education project, and produced podcasts and articles for AVISIAN Publishing. Gina has won awards for features, breaking news coverage, and newscasts from contests including the Associated Press, Green Eyeshade, and Murrow Awards. Gina is the 2019-20 president of the Florida Associated Press Broadcasters Board of Directors. In her free time, Gina likes to read, travel, and watch her son play sports. 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Gina is a Tallahassee native and graduate of Florida State University. She spent 15 years working in news\/talk and country radio in Orlando before becoming a reporter and All Things Considered host for WFSU in 2008. She left after a few years to spend more time with her son, working part-time as the capital reporter\/producer for WLRN Public Media in Miami and as a drama teacher at Young Actors Theatre. She also blogged and reported for State Impact Florida, an NPR education project, and produced podcasts and articles for AVISIAN Publishing. Gina has won awards for features, breaking news coverage, and newscasts from contests including the Associated Press, Green Eyeshade, and Murrow Awards. Gina is the 2019-20 president of the Florida Associated Press Broadcasters Board of Directors. In her free time, Gina likes to read, travel, and watch her son play sports. 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